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Thirteenth month pay is a form of compensation that employers pay to employees in addition to their regular 12-month salary.

This payment is usually made at the end of the year in addition to the employee's base salary. In some instances, it’s split into two payments: One mid-year and one close to the end of the year. The payment is typically equal to the amount of the employee’s monthly salary.

Annual leave refers to the amount of time an employee is permitted to be away from their work within a year, as part of their employment contract.

An annualized salary refers to a predetermined gross pay per month, paid to an employee throughout 12 months of the year. Ultimately, these monthly payments totals an estimated yearly earning.

A salaried employee earning an annualized salary is paid a fixed and equal set amount each month regardless of the number of hours worked. As a result, the employee receives a regular paycheck each month.

An ATS is the software that companies use to quickly scan resumes for information relevant to open positions, identifying the resumes that best match the job description and filtering out unqualified applicants.

An apprenticeship is a system of training future members of a workforce within a specific industry. Apprenticeships typically include both on-the-job training and studying.

Asynchronous communication refers to any type of communication that involves a lag between sharing information and receiving a response. Even if the response is prompt, asynchronous communication is not an active dialogue but rather a form of communication that happens ‘out of sync.’

Asynchronous messaging describes communication on messaging apps that don’t involve live communication. In the modern working world, where significant time zones can separate team members in remote work teams, asynchronous communication is valuable in driving growth.

Examples of asynchronous communication Several forms of asynchronous communication exist in the modern working environment, including:

- Email

- Instant messaging apps, such as Slack and Whatsapp

- Messaging features on project management tools, such as Microsoft Teams and Asana

- Intranet systems

- Internal memos

- Pre-recorded video

The main difference between asynchronous and synchronous communication is when the back-and-forth occurs.

With asynchronous communication, such as email, there are delayed response times between sender and receiver.

In contrast, synchronous communication happens face-to-face in real-time using tools such as Zoom or video-conferencing platforms. Phone calls, video calls, and live webinars are also examples of synchronous communication.

Before the pandemic, when working in the physical office was the norm, synchronous communication also involved popping by a colleague’s desk or organizing an in-person meeting. These forms of real-time communication don’t have a time lag and demand active attention.

In the modern working world, both types of communication are useful. For example, synchronous communication works best when brainstorming ideas for an upcoming campaign or communicating any concerns (which could be misconstrued over messaging).

Asynchronous communication is ideal for remote teams, recording project updates and communicating details that don’t need an instant response.

Background checks are screenings that employers conduct of a job applicant's or recent employee's criminal record, credit history, references and more.

Benefit-in-kind refers to benefits that an employer gives that aren't included in the employee's regular salary. They are also referred to as "perks" or "fringe benefits" and generally include things like private medical insurance or company cars.

Benefits refer to additional help an employer offers outside of compensation. Benefits usually include things like health insurance, tuition assistance, stock options and paid time off (PTO).

This is a brief subtitle on a resume that tells the potential employer what an applicant is—or wants to be—known for.

Breaks are short periods of time that employees take away from their work during the day.

A code of practice is a set of written rules that presents expectations for how people should conduct themselves. While the document presents good practices for employment, the document is typically not legally binding.

A collective agreement is a written contract negotiated for employees by trade unions with a company's management. It regulates the terms and conditions of employees at work.

A compensation package refers to all of the benefits that a company is providing its employees. A compensation package includes salary, PTO, pension contributions and any other benefits.

Also known as constructive termination or constructive discharge, a constructive dismissal occurs when an employee resigns as a result of the employer creating a hostile work environment.

Continuity of employment is the length of time that an employee has worked for their employer without a break.

A contract employee is someone retained by a company for a specified period of time at a predetermined rate of pay.

A contract of employment, or an employment contract, is a signed agreement between an employer and employee that establishes the rights and responsibilities for both parties.

A cover letter is a letter candidates provide along with their resume when applying for a job. Within the cover letter, an applicant can explain why they are qualified for the job.

Deductions are amounts taken out of an employee's pay, lowering their taxable income and reducing their tax liability.

Disciplinary procedures are the process of dealing with employee misconduct. It puts in writing how an employer will handle any alleged shortcomings.

Dismissal is when an employee is terminated against their will. A dismissal can occur for a variety of reasons, ranging from performance-related issues to economic problems.

An employee is someone who works for a company in return for payment.

An employment contract is a legal document that lays out the terms and conditions of employment between a company and an employee. It may include compensation information, a description of the job and primary responsibilities, termination procedures and other information.

An employment gap occurs when there is a period of time in between jobs where someone is unemployed. An employment gap can be the result of child leave, career changes, illness, education or other reasons.

An employment permit is when someone has permission to take a job in a country that's not their own.

Experience refers to a candidate's prior work history, including past jobs, volunteer work, skills, training and responsibilities.

A fixed-term contract is when an employment contract has an agreed-upon end date.

A follow-up refers to the act of calling, emailing or sending a note after submitting a resume or job application. Candidates follow-up to remind employers that they are waiting for a response and to encourage them to review their application.

A freelancer is a professional who is self-employed and works independently for one or multiple companies or clients. Freelancers generally set their own payment rates and work schedules.

A hiring manager is a person who is responsible for hiring a new employee to fill a position. They typically are the new employee's direct manager.

An informational interview is designed to help a candidate learn more about a type of job or industry. People may set up informational interviews with industry professionals to learn more about different career paths and experiences.

An internship is a period of work experience that an employer offers for a limited period of time. Businesses, government agencies and non-profits often provide internships to students and people looking to make a career change.

Job sharing is the practice where two people share the same position on a part-time or reduced-time basis. Together, they perform a job that's normally held by one person full-time.

Leave is when an employee has permission to be absent from work. Some examples of this are maternity leave, annual leave or parental leave.

Maternity leave refers to the period of time that a mother takes off from work following the birth of a child.

Minimum wage is the minimum rate of pay that employers must pay their employees.

Notice is an announcement by an employee that they intend to end their employment contract, as of a specific date.

An offer letter is a letter that an employer gives to a potential employee, offering them a position. The offer letter typically includes the date, benefits and terms of employment.

Onboarding is the process through which new employees acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to be effective members of the organisation.

This is a contract of employment that continues until either the employee or employer ends it. It is also referred to as a "contract of indefinite duration."

Outsourcing is the process of hiring another person or organization to perform a service that is or could be done internally.

Overtime refers to the hours of work completed outside of normal working hours.

A pension is a regular payment made to a former employee after they've retired. The money is taken from an investment fund into which that person or their employer has contributed throughout the course of their career.

References are a list of people who can speak to a candidate's credentials and qualifications for a role. They should be able to answer questions about the candidate's work history, skills, abilities and work style.

Soft skills are a set of behaviours and personality traits that help facilitate human connections in and out of the workplace. They are essential for building relationships, successfully leading teams and creating opportunities for advancement.

The STAR method is an interview technique that candidates use to successfully answer behavioural interview questions. STAR stands for situation, task, action and result.

Temp is short for a temporary employee. Temps are usually hired for short periods of time while a full-time employee is on vacation or leave. They may also be hired as additional help in an office during a particularly busy season.

Temp-to-hire refers to when someone is hired on a temporary basis but on the assumption that they may possibly become a full-time employee depending on the quality of their work and budgetary allowances.

A trade union is an organized group of employees that negotiates with an employer for better pay and working conditions.

Transferrable skills are abilities that a candidate has learned in earlier work environments that can be used in other positions or industries, even if they aren't directly related.

White-collar describes mid- to high-level jobs where employees work in an office environment.

This is a type of casual agreement between a company and an individual where the employer isn't obligated to provide the contractor with a minimum number of hours.